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Breastfeeding

This section considers studies regarding all aspects of breastfeeding preparation, initiation, duration, support, outcomes, and all other aspects of breastfeeding.

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  1. We encourage Hepatitis B virus-infected mothers to breastfeed postpartum, even when continuing pregnancy category B nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) treatment. However, a large proportion of the Hepatitis B virus-i...

    Authors: Er-Mei Li, Li-Xin Xiao, Zhen Xu, Zhi-Shuo Mo, Jia-Qian Li, Yong-Yu Mei and Chao-Shuang Lin

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:551

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. While breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSES) is an important modifiable determinant of breastfeeding, a structured assessment is not standard practice in Cyprus. We assessed the Greek version of the Breastfeeding ...

    Authors: Mary Economou, Ourania Kolokotroni, Irene Paphiti-Demetriou, Christiana Kouta, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Eleni Hadjigeorgiou, Vasiliki Hadjiona and Nicos Middleton

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:421

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) through six months of age has been scientifically validated as having a wide range of benefits, but remains infrequent in many countries. The WHO/UNICEF Baby-Friendly Hospital Ini...

    Authors: Adrienne Clermont, Josianne El Gemayel, Rola Hammoud, Jiangxia Wang, Hortenzia Beciu, Mona Sinno, Wilma Berends, Nadine Rosenblum, Jessica L. Bienstock, Kristen Byrnes and Roger Samuels

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:385

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Health professionals caring for women and infants experiencing difficulty with breastfeeding have reported deficiencies in evidence-based lactation knowledge. LactaMap is an online lactation care support syste...

    Authors: Melinda Boss, Jennifer Turner, Patrick Boss, Peter Hartmann, Douglas Pritchard and Rhonda Clifford

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:322

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The importance of breastfeeding for maternal and child health is agreed upon worldwide. However, lactation-related nipple problems are common and are important factors affecting breastfeeding. Multiple studies...

    Authors: Zhi Wang, Qiuyue Liu, Lihua Min and Xiaorong Mao

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:248

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The prevalence of the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended infant feeding practices for HIV exposed infants is low in developing countries. There is no nationwide representative study was done in Ethiop...

    Authors: Amare Belachew Dagnew and Mulat Dagnew Teferi

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:194

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Breastfeeding plays an important role in the early stages of humans and throughout the development process. Breastfeeding competency is a self-assessment of pregnant women’s overall competency to breastfeeding...

    Authors: Yu Wu, Ying Wang, Jiazhen Hu, Yan Dang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiumei Qi, Qingxiu Tian, Aihua Wang and Yunfeng Li

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:179

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Worldwide, only 41 % of infants are exclusively breastfed for the first six months while South Africa has an alarming figure of only 12 %. First-time mothers are inexperienced in the initiation and maintenance...

    Authors: Dasheka Zukiswa Theodorah and Rala Ntombana Mc’Deline

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:119

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious mood disorder that affects behavioural, physical and mental health of women and newborn after childbirth. Although a wide range of research have been conducted on mater...

    Authors: Demelash Woldeyohannes, Yohannes Tekalegn, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Dejene Ermias, Tekele Ejajo and Lillian Mwanri

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:113

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Appropriate breastfeeding is vital for infant and young child nutrition. Annually, oral clefts affect 0.73 per 1000 children in Uganda. Despite this low incidence, children with a cleft face breastfeeding diff...

    Authors: Maureen Nabatanzi, Gloria Kimuli Seruwagi, Florence Basiimwa Tushemerirwe, Lynn Atuyambe and David Lubogo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:100

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Breastfeeding and wet nursing have been synonymous since ancient times. The practice of wet nursing of another woman’s child in Malaysia is on the rise due to the emergence of awareness among the public about ...

    Authors: C. A. R. Norsyamlina, H. Salasiah Hanin, A. M. Latifah, K. Zuliza, M. H. Nurhidayah, S. Rafeah, B. Nora’inan, I. Muhamad Zariff and A. Noor Ani

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:68

    Content type: Research article

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  12. We aimed to determine the associations between breastfeeding and children’s neurodevelopment indexed by intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional and behavioural problems through mid-childhood adjusting for pre...

    Authors: Rita Amiel Castro, Vivette Glover, Ulrike Ehlert and Thomas G. O’Connor

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2021 21:62

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Maternal feeding anxiety (FA) was prevalent during puerperium and might affect infant feeding practices. This study was aimed to investigate the FA status in Chinese postpartum women and its relationship with ...

    Authors: Jing Sun, Yimin Zhu, Yongjin Li, Niuniu Li, Tan Liu, Xiao Su, Zhiyong Dai, Yanchun Zhang, Lina Pan, Wei Jiang and Wenli Zhu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:780

    Content type: Research article

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  14. There are unique challenges to parenting in residency and there is limited data to guide policy regarding lactation facilities and support for female physicians-in-training. We aimed to assess issues surroundi...

    Authors: Gabrielle W. Peters, Aleksandra Kuczmarska-Haas, Emma B. Holliday and Lindsay Puckett

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:762

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Global health policy recommends exclusive breastfeeding until infants are 6 months. Little is known about the cost-effectiveness of breastfeeding promotion strategies. This paper presents a systematic search a...

    Authors: Elizabeth M. Camacho and Hannah Hussain

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:757

    Content type: Research article

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  16. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum is only 50% in Japan. In order to increase this rate, we aimed to examine modifiable factors related to exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum...

    Authors: Mie Shiraishi, Masayo Matsuzaki, Shoko Kurihara, Maki Iwamoto and Mieko Shimada

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:730

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Studies reveal that promoting the breastfeeding knowledge level help to improve breastfeeding behaviors. Promoting breastfeeding knowledge is a simple and economical way to increase breastfeeding rates. Howeve...

    Authors: Yan Wang, Hua-xuan You and Bi-ru Luo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:723

    Content type: Research article

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  18. One approach for improving breastfeeding support and alleviating breastfeeding disparities is the implementation of a clinic-based peer counselor. Our objective was to assess the “real life” effects of an auto...

    Authors: Noelle G. Martinez, Angelina Strohbach, Fengling Hu and Lynn M. Yee

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:671

    Content type: Research article

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  19. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends that breastfeeding should be initiated within the first hour of delivery followed by exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months. This study examined the determinants ...

    Authors: Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah and Freda Bonsu

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:632

    Content type: Research article

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  20. For optimal growth and development, the World Health Organization recommends that children be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life. However, according to the nationally-representative 2013–2014...

    Authors: Francine E. Wood, Anastasia J. Gage and Dieudonné Bidashimwa

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:586

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), for the first 6 months of life, is globally accepted as the preferred method for infant feeding. In Ghana, an estimated 84% of children < 2 months old are exclusively breastfed.

    Authors: Louisa Adda, Kwabena Opoku-Mensah and Phyllis Dako-Gyeke

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:575

    Content type: Research article

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  22. A lack of perceived social support influences women’s infant feeding behaviours. The Infant Feeding Genogram is a visual co-constructed diagram which details people/services that can provide support to women a...

    Authors: Gill Thomson, Jenny Ingram, Joanne L. Clarke, Debbie Johnson, Heather Trickey, Stephan U. Dombrowski, Pat Hoddinott, Kirsty Darwent and Kate Jolly

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:569

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Concerns about reduced milk transfer with nipple shield (NS) use are based on evidence from studies with methodological flaws. Milk removal during breastfeeding can be impacted by infant and maternal factors o...

    Authors: Viviane Silva Coentro, Sharon Lisa Perrella, Ching Tat Lai, Alethea Rea, Kevin Murray and Donna Tracy Geddes

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:516

    Content type: Research article

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  24. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h as it confers many benefits to the child and prevents neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalenc...

    Authors: Frank Kiwango, Innocent B. Mboya, Beatrice John, Tamara Hashim, Sia E. Msuya and Melina Mgongo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:505

    Content type: Research article

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  25. UNICEF and WHO recommend that all children should be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life as breastmilk contains all the nutrients an infant needs during this period. In Malawi, exclusive breas...

    Authors: Yusuf M. Salim and William Stones

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:472

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:530

  26. It is well established that mothers with above-normal pre-pregnancy BMI are at increased risk of breastfeeding cessation; however, the impact of pregnancy weight-gain (PWG) is less well-defined. Excess PWG may...

    Authors: Hayley Martin, Kelly Thevenet-Morrison and Ann Dozier

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:471

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Eating healthy, being physically active and breastfeeding can greatly support a new mother’s physiological and psychological health. However, within the United States, only 8.5% of women are meeting fruit and ...

    Authors: Kailey Snyder, Aja Kneip Pelster and Danae Dinkel

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:470

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is defined as initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h of birth. This is also the time colostrum is secreted with its potential benefits. Globally, two out of five under ...

    Authors: Gebretsadkan Gebremedhin Gebretsadik, Helen Tkuwab, Kidanemaryam Berhe, Afework Mulugeta, Hajira Mohammed and Abebe Gebremariam

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:448

    Content type: Research article

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  30. The literature is controversial with regard to the association between longer breastfeeding duration and lower prevalence of anterior open bite. Pacifier use may be involved in this controversy. Thus, the obje...

    Authors: Vanessa Felipe de Deus, Erissandra Gomes, Fernanda Caramez da Silva and Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:396

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. Breastfeeding and caring for children demand time, energy and effort. Mothers with physical impairments in Ghana require special needs to be able to achieve optimal motherhood as society demands. Globally, lit...

    Authors: Angela Kwartemaa Acheampong, Lydia Aziato, Margaret Marfo and Philomena Amevor

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:331

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is a predetermining factor for exclusive breastfeeding, and thus a foundation for optimal breastfeeding practices. Rates of EIBF are low globally (42%) and in Tanzania ...

    Authors: Hadija Y. Lyellu, Tamara H. Hussein, Margareta Wandel, Babill Stray-Pedersen, Melina Mgongo and Sia E. Msuya

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:285

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Both breastfeeding intentions and exposure to baby-friendly hospital practices were found to be associated with a longer duration of breastfeeding. This study aims to examine the effect of exposure to baby-fri...

    Authors: Kris Y. W. Lok, Charlotte L. Y. Chow, Heidi S. L. Fan, Vincci H. S. Chan and Marie Tarrant

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:261

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Return to work is often cited as a reason for early cessation of breastfeeding (BF). Our objectives were to study the time span during which women employed prior to pregnancy returned to work according to BF d...

    Authors: Katia Castetbon, Julie Boudet-Berquier and Benoit Salanave

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:110

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. The World Health Organization recommends initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age. Infant feeding practices, including suboptimal breastfeeding pract...

    Authors: Dinesh Dharel, Ranjan Dhungana, Sushma Basnet, Swotantra Gautam, Animesh Dhungana, Rajesh Dudani and Asmita Bhattarai

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:59

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. The mode of delivery influences breastfeeding practices. High rates of caesarean section and low breastfeeding rates are important public health concerns for all developing countries. This study aimed to deter...

    Authors: Nüket Paksoy Erbaydar and Tuğrul Erbaydar

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:55

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Migration to another country has a potential influence on breastfeeding practices. A significant difference in breastfeeding rates between Irish nationals and non-nationals has been reported. This study was co...

    Authors: Qianling Zhou, Katherine M. Younger, Tanya M. Cassidy, Wenyi Wang and John M. Kearney

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:51

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. A considerable amount of research demonstrates how breastfeeding self-efficacy significantly influences breastfeeding outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of nursing intervention on mother’...

    Authors: Safiya Sabri Piro and Hamdia Mirkhan Ahmed

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:19

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed until the age of six months. Breastfeeding is generally understood to mean the provision of human breastmilk to the infant by dire...

    Authors: Leah Strauch, Linda Sweet, Hayley Scott and Amanda Müller

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:511

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. The first few weeks after childbirth are critical, as women may encounter lactation problems and postpartum depression during this period. However, it is still unclear whether early breastfeeding behaviours ar...

    Authors: Tingting Sha, Xiao Gao, Cheng Chen, Ling Li, Gang Cheng, Xialing Wu, Qianling Tian, Fan Yang, Qiong He and Yan Yan

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:388

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Breast milk is a natural and unique nutrient for optimum growth and development of the newborn. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of unpredictable drug residues in mothers’ milk and the rel...

    Authors: Ayşe Meltem Ergen and Sıddıka Songül Yalçın

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:348

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020 20:393

  43. The benefits of family-centered care for the health and well-being of preterm infants and their families include increased parent-infant closeness, improved lactation, and positive mental health outcomes; howe...

    Authors: Sarah Holdren, Cynthia Fair and Liisa Lehtonen

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:345

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Low-income and minority children are at increased risk for obesity. Text messaging offers advantages for delivering education, but few studies have assessed the acceptability of text messaging in interventions...

    Authors: Cheryl L. K. Gibby, Cristina Palacios, Maribel Campos, Rafael E. Graulau and Jinan Banna

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:291

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. During pregnancy and postnatally, women seek information from a variety of sources. The potential to incorporate educational pregnancy and parenting resources into conventional health services is underexplored...

    Authors: Nicola Crossland, Gill Thomson and Victoria Hall Moran

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:253

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are those born small for their gestational age, with weight below the 10th percentile. Not only do SGA infants suffer growth issues after birth, they have elevated risk ...

    Authors: Alexandra D. George, Melvin C. L. Gay, Mary E. Wlodek and Donna T. Geddes

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:210

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  47. Bonding refers to emotions and cognitions towards one’s infant. Breastfeeding is believed to facilitate bonding, yet only a handful of studies have empirically tested this assertion. This study aimed to confir...

    Authors: Ilana S. Hairston, Jonathan E. Handelzalts, Tamar Lehman-Inbar and Michal Kovo

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:125

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Increasing the prevalence of optimal breastfeeding practices, including exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, could prevent an estimated 823,000 child deaths annually. Self-efficacy is an important determinant...

    Authors: Godfred O. Boateng, Stephanie L. Martin, Emily L. Tuthill, Shalean M. Collins, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Barnabas K. Natamba and Sera L. Young

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:73

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Timely breastfeeding initiation is a simple but important measure that has protective effects on infants and mothers. This study aims to determine the predictors of early breastfeeding initiation among mothers...

    Authors: James Rufus John, Sabuj Kanti Mistry, Getahun Kebede, Narendar Manohar and Amit Arora

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:69

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Depressive symptoms negatively impact on breastfeeding duration, whereas early breastfeeding initiation after birth enhances the chances for a longer breastfeeding period. Our aim was to investigate the interp...

    Authors: Karin Cato, Sara M. Sylvén, Marios K. Georgakis, Natasa Kollia, Christine Rubertsson and Alkistis Skalkidou

    Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2019 19:49

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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