You are viewing the site in preview mode
Skip to main content
|
Participants, N=32
|
Inadequate (n=7)Mean ± SD
|
Adequate (n=14)Mean ± SD
|
Excess (n=11)Mean ± SD
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Gestational Weight Gain (kilograms)*
|
8.5±2.01
|
13.3±1.3
|
18.8±2.3†‡
|
<0.001*
|
|
Pre-pregnancy BMI*
|
21.2±1.5
|
22.0±1.7
|
23.0±1.5‡
|
0.035*
|
|
Age (years)
|
26.7±6.6
|
31.6±3.8
|
29.8±3.7
|
0.082
|
|
Gestation Age at Study Visit (weeks)
|
34.5±2.7
|
34.5±1.7
|
34.3±1.6
|
0.977
|
|
Gestation Age at Delivery (weeks)
|
40.6±1.2
|
39.7±1.1
|
39.3±1.2
|
0.079
|
|
Percent Body Fat at Study Visit (%)b*
|
19.4±5.1
|
19.4±3.4
|
23.2±3.2†‡
|
0.033*
|
|
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)*
|
112.4±11.2
|
116.3±13.3
|
117.8±14.6
|
0.705
|
|
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
|
69.1±7.8
|
70.9±13.0
|
74.3±8.0
|
0.564
|
|
Parityc
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
0.201
|
|
Primiparous
|
6 (86%)
|
7 (50%)
|
5 (55%)
|
|
Multiparous
|
13 (14%)
|
7 (50%)
|
6 (45%)
|
|
Ethnicityc
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
0.515
|
|
Caucasian
|
9 (100%)
|
13 (93%)
|
11 (100%)
|
|
Hispanic
|
0 (0%)
|
1 (7%)
|
0 (0%)
|
|
Educationc
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
0.147
|
|
High School Graduate
|
2 (29%)
|
0 (0%)
|
0 (0%)
|
|
Trade School
|
0 (0%)
|
0 (0%)
|
1 (9%)
|
|
College Graduate
|
2 (29%)
|
6 (43%)
|
4 (36%)
|
|
Post- Graduate Degree
|
3 (42%)
|
8 (57%)
|
6 (55%)
|
|
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
290.2±48.7
|
257.4±40.8
|
255.6±28.5
|
0.176
|
|
LDL (mg/dL)b
|
184.2±48.5
|
145.8±39.2
|
135.5±35.2
|
0.064
|
|
HDL (mg/dL)
|
61.1±19.4
|
76.8±22.2
|
71.4±23.3
|
0.365
|
|
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
|
225.2±78.3
|
173.8±50.7
|
231.5±85.4
|
0.107
|
|
Free Fatty Acids(meq/L)
|
0.48±0.12
|
0.38±0.14
|
0.42±0.13
|
0.283
|
|
Insulin (uU/mL)
|
9.5±4.9
|
9.3±4.6
|
8.8±3.4
|
0.943
|
|
Glucose (mg/dL)
|
77.5±7.4
|
81.7±6.1
|
80.5±8.3
|
0.496
|
|
HOMA-IR
|
1.8±1.0
|
1.9±1.0
|
1.8±0.8
|
0.967
|
- a Groups were compared using ANOVA with post-hoc analyses, unless specifically noted
- b Groups compared using Kruskal-Wallis tests
- cGroups compared using chi-square analysis
- *Significant difference between groups (main effect), p<0.05
- †Excess GWG group was significantly different from adequate GWG, p<0.05
- ‡ Excess GWG group was significantly different from inadequate GWG, p<0.05
